1. What is Occupational Therapy? 🧑⚕️
WFOT Definition
OT is a client-centered health profession concerned with promoting health and well-being through occupation. The primary goal is to enable people to participate in the activities of everyday life.
Types of Occupations
- ADLs (Activities of Daily Living): Bathing, dressing, eating, toileting, grooming
- IADLs (Instrumental): Shopping, cooking, managing finances, housework
- Work: Employment, volunteering
- Leisure: Hobbies, recreation, play
- Social Participation: Family, community involvement
2. OT Models of Practice 🧠
MOHO (Model of Human Occupation)
- Volition: Motivation - values, interests, personal causation
- Habituation: Patterns - habits, roles, routines
- Performance Capacity: Ability to do - physical, cognitive, emotional
- Environment: Physical and social context
PEO (Person-Environment-Occupation)
- Three overlapping circles
- Occupational Performance = intersection of P, E, and O
- Goal: Maximize the overlap (fit)
PEOP (Person-Environment-Occupation-Performance)
- Extension of PEO
- Intrinsic and extrinsic factors affecting performance
- Emphasis on enablers and barriers
3. Frames of Reference 📚
Biomechanical FOR
Physical dysfunction focus. ROM, strength, endurance. Used for orthopedic conditions.
Rehabilitative/Compensatory FOR
Adapting activities or environment. Assistive devices, energy conservation.
Sensory Integration FOR
Pediatrics focus. Processing sensory input for adaptive responses. Jean Ayres.
Cognitive/Behavioral FOR
Mental health focus. Changing thought patterns and behaviors.
💡 Board Exam Tips - OT Foundations
- ✓ MOHO: Volition (Why), Habituation (How often), Performance Capacity (Can)
- ✓ OT = Occupation-centered, Client-centered, Evidence-based
- ✓ Know the difference between Models (broad) vs Frames of Reference (specific)